VARIASI MORFOLOGI ANDALIMAN (ZANTHOXYLUM ACANTHOPODIUM) DI SUMATRA UTARA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32556/floribunda.v5i7.2017.143Keywords:
andaliman, character, clustering, North Sumatra, morphology, Zantoxylum acanthopodium.Abstract
Romaita Newanti Lumban Raja & Alex Hartana. 2017. Morphologycal Variation of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) in North Sumatra. Floribunda 5(7): 258–266. — Andaliman plants (Zantoxylum acanthopodium DC.) found in North Sumatra, Indonesia, and known as seasoning plants or 'merica Batak’ in Batak dishes. This study was conducted to explore the diversity of andaliman plants in North Sumatra. 27 andaliman plants collected and analyzed based on their 24 morphological characters of stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds using unweighted pair group method with arithmatic average (UPGMA) and clustered based on similarity for qualitative data (SIMQUAL) and coefficient simple matching, using NTSYS pc. 2.02 version. The phenetic analysis showed dendrograme of 27 andaliman plants in North Sumatra were clustered into 4 groups. The main characters differentiate each group are the color of young branches, thorns on leaf midrib, the color of calyx, and the color of fruit. The group I and II in dendrograme refer to local cultivar names ‘Simanuk’ and ‘Sihorbo’, while the group III and IV refer to ‘Silokot’ and ‘Sikoreng’ cultivars. An identification key for the four andaliman cultivars is presented. Keywords: Andaliman, Character, Clustering, North Sumatra, Morphology, Zantoxylum acanthopodium. Romaita Newanti Lumban Raja & Alex Hartana. 2017. Variasi Morfologi Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) di Sumatra Utara. Floribunda 5(7): 258–266. — Andaliman (Zantoxylum acanthopodium DC.) di Indonesia banyak terdapat di Sumatra Utara dan digunakan sebagai bumbu masakan khas suku Batak. Eksplorasi keberagaman andaliman telah dilakukan dan diperoleh 27 nomer sampel. Analis fenetik berdasarkan 26 karakter morfologi terhadap 27 sampel telah dilakukan dengan metode UPGMA melalui program NTSys versi 2.02. Dendrogram yang dihasilkan menunjukan ada 4 kelompok andaliman yang terpisah berdasarkan karakter utama yang membedakan setiap kelompok yaitu warna dahan muda, rambut pada dahan, onak pada ibu tulang daun, warna kelopak bunga, dan warna buah. Berdasarkan klasifikasi masyarakat, kelompok I dan II merujuk pada kultivar ‘Simanuk’ dan ‘Sihorbo’. Sedangkan kelompok III dan IV merujuk pada kultivar ‘Silokot’ dan ‘Sikoreng’. Hasil pengelompokan kemudian digunakan untuk pembuatan kunci identifikasi.Kata kunci: Andaliman, karakter, pengelompokan, Sumatra Utara, morfologi, Zantoxylum acanthopodium.References
Brickell CD, Alexander C, David JC, Hetterscheid WLA, Leslie AC, Malecot V. Xiaobai J & Cubey JJ. 2009. International code of nomenclature for cultivated plants. Eighth edition. Belgia (BE): International society for horticultural sciense (ISHS).
Hartley TG. 1966. A revision of the Malesian species of Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae). J. Arnold Arboretum. 47: 171–221.
Hasairin A. 1994. Etnobotani Tanaman Rempah dalam Makanan Adat Masyarakat Batak. Angkola dan Mandailing [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Program Pascasarjana IPB.
Mangkuwidjojo M, Sirait M & Siahaan M. 1995. Telaah Buah Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.). Dalam Simposium Nasional Tumbuhan Obat dan Aromatik. Hal. 228–240. APINMAP, Bogor (ID).
Radford AE. 1986. Fundamental of Plant Systematis. New York (US): Harper & Row Publisher.
Rifai MA & Ermitati. 1993. Glosarium Biologi. Jakarta (ID): Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa.
Rohlf FJ. 1998. NTSYSpc Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System Version 2.02 User Guide. New York (US): Exerter Software.
Rugayah, Retnowati A, Windadri FI & Hidayat A. 2004. Pengumpulan Data Taksonomi. In: Rugayah, Widjaja EA & Praptiwi (eds.). Pedoman Pengumpulan Data Keanekaragaman Flora. Pusat Penelitian Biologi-LIPI. Bogor. Pp 5–42.
Siregar BL. 2003. Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) di Sumatra Utara: Deskripsi dan Perkecambahan. Hayati 10: 38–40.
Van Balgooy MMJ. 1987. Collecting. In: de Vogel EF (ed.). Manual of Herbarium Taxonomy Theory and Practice. Jakarta (ID): UNESCO Regional Office for Science and Technology For Southeast Asia. Pp: 14–19.
Veldkamp JF. 1987. Manual for the Description of Flowering Plants. In: de Vogel EF (ed.). Manual of Herbarium Taxonomy Theory and Practice. Jakarta (ID): UNESCO Regional Office for Science and Technology For Southeast Asia. Pp: 20–25.
Wijaya CH, Hadiprodjo IT & Apriyantono A. 2001. Komponen volatil dan karakterisasi komponen kunci aroma buah andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.). J Teknol Indust Pangan 12: 117–125.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (SeeThe Effect of Open Access).
