AUTHENTICATION OF THREE WAX APPLES CULTIVARS (SYZYGIUM SAMARANGENSE (BLUME) MERR. & L.M. PERRY) BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTER AND FRUIT METABOLITE PROFILE

Authors

  • Annisa Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia
  • Asri Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia
  • Niken Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia
  • Eka Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
  • Arnia Sari Mukaromah UIN Walisongo Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32556/floribunda.v7i2.2023.409

Keywords:

Wax apple, relationship, cultivar, morphology, metabolite profile

Abstract

Wax apple is one of the superior fruits of Demak, especially cultivars 'Citra', 'Delima' and ‘Madu Deli Hijau'. Research on the wax apple of the three cultivars is still limited. Therefore, research on the authentication of wax apple cultivars based on morphological characters and metabolite profiles present in one location is important to do. The aims of this study were to identify morphological characters and analyze metabolite profiles, to analyze relationship and to identify morphological characters and metabolite marker profiles in the authentication activities of three wax apples cultivars. Sampling was in Boyolali Village, Demak Regency. The stages of this research included morphological characterization of stem, leaf, fruit and seed organs, phylogeny analysis with MVSP, metabolite profile analysis using GC-MS, and determination of morphological characters and metabolite profiles with PCA. The results showed that there were morphological diversity and metabolite profile variations of the three cultivars. Relationship analysis based on morphological characters and metabolite profiles resulted in different grouping patterns. 'Madu Deli Hijau' and 'Citra' are closely related based on morphological characters and a combination of morphological characters and metabolite profiles. Morphological characters in the authentication of the 'Citra' (dark red exocarp color), 'Delima' (bright red exocarp color, smooth and flat fruit surface, jagged fruit shape), in 'Madu Deli Hijau' (elongated leaf shape and exocarp is green with a pink tinge). Authentication of probable marker metabolite profiles on 'Citra', 'Delima' and 'Madu Deli Hijau' wax apples of 10, 7 and 5 compounds.

References

Aryantini, D., Sari, E. A., Nanda, D. S. W., 2020. Karakter Spesifik Ekstrak Daun Yodium (Jatropha multifida L.) Dari Tiga lokasi Tempat Tumbuh Di Jawa Tengah. Journal of Pharmacy Science And Technology 2(2): 156-162.

Azizah, U. D. L., Yulianti, F., Adiredjo, A. L., & Sitawati. 2019. Analisis Kekerabatan Plasma Nutfah Tanaman Stroberi ( Fragaria sp. ) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi Dan Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAP). Plantropica Journal Of Agricultural Science 4(1): 77–85.

Bakar, M. F. A., Ismail, N. A., Isha, A., & Mei Ling, A. L. 2016. Phytochemical Composition And Biological Activities Of Selected Wild Berries (Rubus moluccanus L., R. fraxinifolius Poir., And R. alpestris Blume). Evidence-Based Complementary And Alternative Medicine 2016: 1–10.

Baynes, J. W., & Dominiczak, M. H.. 2014. Medical Biochemistry Fourth Edition. Elsevier Saunders. Colombia.

Corradini, M. C. C., Gomes, R. A. B., Luiz, J. H. H., & Mendes, A. A. 2016. Optimization Of Enzymatic Synthesis Of N-Propyl Acetate (Fruit Flavor Ester) – Effect Of The Support On The Properties Of Biocatalysts. Chemical Engineering Communications 203(11): 1432–1442.

Doh, E., Lee, G., Jung, H., & Kwon, K. 2020. Chemotaxonomic Monitoring of Genetically High-Performance Liquid Chromatography – Diode. Molecules 25(4581): 1–17.

Due, M.S., Yunus, A., Susilowati, A. 2019. Keragaman Pisang (Musa spp.) Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Secara In Vitro Berdasarkan Penanda Morfologi. Prov Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 5(2): 347–352.

Febjislami, S., Suketi, K., & Yunianti, R. 2018. Karakterisasi Morfologi Bunga, Buah, Dan Kualitas Buah Tiga Genotipe Pepaya Hibrida. Buletin Agrohorti 6(1): 112–119.

Fitmawati, Khairunnisa, Resida, E., Kholifah, S. N., Roza, R. & Emrizal. 2021. Chemotaxonomic Study Of Sumatran Wild Mangoes (Mangifera Spp.) Based On Liquid Chromatography Mass- Spectrometry (LC-MS). Sabrao Journal 53(1): 27–43.

Hakim, A., Muti’ah, R., Aprinda, R., Suryadinata, A., & Nasikhatul, F. M. 2018. Metabolite Profiling Bagian Akar, Batang, Daun, Dan Biji Helianthus annuus L. Menggunakan UPLC-MS. Media Pharmaceutica Indonesiana 2(2).

Hanwar, D., Suhendi, A., Trisharyanti, I., Santoso, B., Safitri, M., & Haryoto. 2015. Analisis Profil Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Lempuyang Emprit Dengan Kromtografi Gas-Spektroskopi Massa. University Resarch Colloquium 158–166.

Hanifah, A., Maharijaya, A., Putri, S. P., Laviña, W. A., & Sobir. 2018. Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis Of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Fruit And Its Correlation To Fruit Morphologies. Metabolites 8(3): 1–15.

Kapoor, L., Simkin, A. J., Doss, C. G. P., Siva, R. 2020. Fruit Ripening: Dynamics And Integrated Analysis Of Caratnoids And Anthocyanins. BMC Plant Biology 22(27): 1-22.

Klavins, L., & Klavins, M. 2020. Cuticular Wax Composition Of Wild And Cultivated Northern Berries. Foods 9(587): 1–16.

Kundariati, M., Gani, A. R. F., & Pratiwi, J. S. 2021. Analisis Hubungan Kekerabatan Drosophila sp. (Lalat Buah) Dari Tuban, Kediri, Dan Tulungagung Berdasarkan Indeks Similaritas Dan Dendogram. Jurnal Biosains 7(1).

Mamat, S. F., Azizan, K. A., Baharum, S. N., Noor, N. M., & Aizat, W. M. 2020. GC-MS And LC-MS Analyses Reveal The Distribution Of Primary And Secondary Metabolites In Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) Fruit During Ripening. Scientia Horticulturae 262: 1-11.

Maruzy, A., Budiarti. M., Subositi. D. 2020. Autentikasi Cantella asiatica (L.) Urb. (Pegagan) dan Adulterannya Berdasarkan Karakter Makroskopis, Mikroskopis dan Profil Kimia. Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia 10(1): 19-30.

Mukaromah, A.S. 2022. Wax Apple (Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merr. & L.M. Perry): A Comprehensive Review in Phytochemical and Physiological Perspectives. Al-Hayat: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology 3(1): 40-58.

Pujiastuti, E. 2015. Jambu Air Ekslusif (1st Ed.). PT Trubus Swadaya. Depok.

Ponce, N. M. A., Ziegler, V. H., Stortz, C. A., & Sozzi, G. O. 2010. Compositional Changes In Cell Wall Polysaccharides From Japanese Plum (Prunus Salicina Lindl.) During Growth And On-Tree Ripening. Journal Of Agricultural And Food Chemistry 58(4): 2562–2570.

Putri, S. P., & Fukusaki, E. 2016. Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics: A Practical Guide : Boca Raton. Nigeria: CRC Press.

Rahayu, A. Susanto, S. Purwoko, B.S., Dewi, I.S. 2012 Karakter Morfologi dan Kimia Kultivar Pamelo (Citrus maxima (Brum.) Merr.) Berbiji dan Tanpa Biji. J. Agron. Indonesia 40(1) : 48–55.

Ritonga, A.W., Marwiyah, S., Puspitarini, E., Syukur, M., 2022. Interaksi Gen Pada Beberapa Karakter Kualitatif Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Vegetalika. 11(1): 5r0-62.

Rosmaina, Elfianis, R., Almaksur, A., & Zulfahmi. 2021. Minimal Number Of Morphoagronomic Characters Required For The Identification Of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Cultivars In Peatlands Of Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22(9): 3854–3862.

Shalini, K., & Ilango, K. 2021. Preliminary Phytochemical Studies, GC-MS Analysis And In Vitro Antioxidant Activity Of Selected Medicinal Plants And Its Polyherbal Formulation. Pharmacognosy Journal 13(3): 648–659.

Singh, N., Mansoori, A., Jiwani, G., Solanke, A.U., Thakur, T.K., Kumar, R., Chaurasiya, M., & Kumar, A. 2021. Antioxidant and antimicrobial study of Schefflera vinosa leaves crude extracts againsts rice pathogens. Arabian Journal of Chemistry 14 (103243): 1-12.

Sinay, H., Arumingtyas, E. L., Harijati, N., & Indriyani, S. 2016. Keragaman Dan Kekerabatan Kultivar Jagung (Zea mays L.) Lokal Asal Pulau Kisar Kabupaten Maluku Berdasarkan Karakter Fenotip. Biopendix: Jurnal Biologi, Pendidikan Dan Terapan 3(1): 18–27.

Uthbah, Z., Sudiana, E., & Yani, E. 2017. Analisis Biomasa Dan Cadangan Karbon Pada Berbagai Umur Tegakan Damar (Agathis dammara (Lamb.) Rich.) Di KPH Banyumas Timur. Scripta Biologica. 4(2).

Widodo, P, Hidayah, H., & Chasanah, T. 2018. Diversity Dynamics Of Semarang Apple (Syzygium samarangense). Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science 593: 1–5.

Widodo, P. 2015. Jambu Semarang & Jambu Air (1st Ed.). Universitas Jendral Soedirman. Purwokerto.

Zulkifli, Lukmanasari, P., Hardi, N. A., Akbar, D. 2023. Karakterisasi Morfologi Varietas Pisang di Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau. Vegetalika 12(1): 76-90.

Downloads

Published

2023-04-28

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): Floribunda April 2023

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Floribunda

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
    2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
    3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (SeeThe Effect of Open Access).

Most read articles by the same author(s)