KLASIFIKASI KULTIVAR JAMBU METE (ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32556/floribunda.v5i4.2016.11Keywords:
Anacardium, cashew, classification, cultivated plant.Abstract
Sarah Febriani & Alex Hartana. 2016. The Classification of Cashew Cultivar (Anacardium occidentale L.). Floribunda 5(4): 139–143. — Cashew is a tropical plant from South America including Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru and now it is cultivated in many areas of Indonesia. The cashew cultivars released by the Indonesian Government were unknown to the farmers especially because the nomenclature system used is not in accordance with the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to classify cashew cultivars based on 8 characters consist of cashew apple, and nut observed collected from 52 cashew plants from Wonogiri (Central Java) and 66 cashew plants from Bantul (Yogyakarta) using Unweighted Pair Group Method with Average (UPGMA). Based on the dendogram produced cashew cultivars were classified into 4 Groups, Anacardium Brambang Group, Anacardium Senja Group, Anacardium Lumut Group and Anacardium Pancawarna Group, the first three according names used by farmers.Keywords: Anacardium, cashew, classification, cultivated plant. Sarah Febriani & Alex Hartana. 2016. Klasifikasi Kultivar Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L.). Floribunda 5(4): 139–143. — Jambu mete merupakan tanaman pertanian tropik berasal dari Amerika Selatan meliputi negara Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, dan Peru. Kultivar unggul jambu mete yang tercantum dalam SK Menteri Pertanian RI belum dikenal petani, apalagi karena sistem penamaan tanaman budi daya dalam Undang-undang No 29 tahun 2000 dan Peraturan Pemerintah nomor 13 tahun 2004 tidak sejalan dengan Kode Internasional Tata Nama Tanaman Budi Daya 2009. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengklasifikasikan kultivar jambu mete berdasarkan 8 karakter organ buah semu, dan buah sejati yang diamati terhadap 52 contoh tanaman dari Kabupaten Wonogiri Jawa Tengah) dan 66 contoh tanaman dari Kabupaten Bantul Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta) yang dikelompokkan dengan menggunakan metode UPGMA. Berdasarkan dendogram yang dihasilkan, jambu mete dikelompokkan menjadi 4 grup, yaitu Anacardium Grup Brambang, Anacardium Grup Senja, Anacardium Grup Lumut dan Anacardium Grup Pancawarna tiga yang pertama berdasarkan penamaan yang sudah dikenal dan dipakai petani.Kata kunci: Anacardium, jambu mete, klasifikasi, tanaman budi daya.References
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